Lessons

Python Basics

Python Variables

Operators in Python

Conditional Statements in Python

Python Lists

Python Tuples

Python Sets

Python Dictionaries

Loops in Python

Python Arrays and Functions

Conclusion

Python Numeric Types

Python Numbers

In Python, numbers are used for mathematical operations, and there are three main numeric types:

  1. int: Integer, a whole number.
  2. float: Floating-point number, a decimal number.
  3. complex: Complex numbers with real and imaginary parts.

Python Numeric Types

You create numeric variables by assigning values to them. Here's an example:

python
1x = 1      # int
2y = 2.8    # float
3z = 1j     # complex

To verify the type of any object in Python, use the type() function:

python
1print(type(x))  # Output: <class 'int'>
2print(type(y))  # Output: <class 'float'>
3print(type(z))  # Output: <class 'complex'>

Python Integer

An integer is a whole number, positive or negative, without decimals. Python allows integers of unlimited length.

Example:

python
1x = 1
2y = 35656222554887711
3z = -3255522
4
5print(type(x))  # Output: <class 'int'>
6print(type(y))  # Output: <class 'int'>
7print(type(z))  # Output: <class 'int'>

Python Float

A float is a number that has a decimal point or an exponential (scientific notation) representation. Floats can be positive or negative.

Example:

python
1x = 1.10
2y = 1.0
3z = -35.59
4
5print(type(x))  # Output: <class 'float'>
6print(type(y))  # Output: <class 'float'>
7print(type(z))  # Output: <class 'float'>

Floats can also represent scientific numbers, using an "e" or "E" to indicate the power of 10:

Example:

python
1x = 35e3
2y = 12E4
3z = -87.7e100
4
5print(type(x))  # Output: <class 'float'>
6print(type(y))  # Output: <class 'float'>
7print(type(z))  # Output: <class 'float'>

Complex Numbers

Complex numbers are written with a "j" to represent the imaginary part. A complex number consists of a real part and an imaginary part.

Example:

python
1x = 3 + 5j
2y = 5j
3z = -5j
4
5print(type(x))  # Output: <class 'complex'>
6print(type(y))  # Output: <class 'complex'>
7print(type(z))  # Output: <class 'complex'>

Type Conversion

Python provides built-in functions to convert numbers from one type to another:

  • int(): Convert a number to an integer.
  • float(): Convert a number to a float.
  • complex(): Convert a number to a complex.

Example:

python
1x = 1      # int
2y = 2.8    # float
3z = 1j     # complex
4
5# Convert from int to float
6a = float(x)
7
8# Convert from float to int
9b = int(y)
10
11# Convert from int to complex
12c = complex(x)
13
14print(a)  # Output: 1.0
15print(b)  # Output: 2
16print(c)  # Output: (1+0j)
17
18print(type(a))  # Output: <class 'float'>
19print(type(b))  # Output: <class 'int'>
20print(type(c))  # Output: <class 'complex'>

Frequently Asked Questions